Chart Axes
Axes are the lines that create a grid for graphing functions or data. The horizontal axis is called the x-axis, the vertical axis is called the y-axis, and they intersect at a point called the origin.
Linear Equation
A linear equation is an equation of a straight line in the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope of the line and b is the y-intercept (the point where the line crosses the y-axis). Linear equations can be graphed on a coordinate plane.
Amortization
The process of paying off a debt over time, with regular payments that include both principal and interest.
Time Value of Money
The concept that money today is worth more than the same amount of money in the future, due to the potential for investment returns.
Present Value
The current value of a future sum of money, calculated by discounting it to its present value.
Future Value
The value of an investment at a future point in time, calculated by compounding the original principal and any interest earned.
Net Present Value
The difference between the present value of all future cash inflows and the present value of all future cash outflows, used to evaluate the profitability of an investment.
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
The interest rate at which the net present value of an investment equals zero, used to evaluate the potential return on an investment.
Interest
The cost of borrowing money, usually expressed as a percentage of the amount borrowed.
Simple Interest
Interest that is calculated only on the principal amount.
Compound Interest
Interest that is calculated on both the principal and any accumulated interest.